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Assertion Two balls of different masses are thrown vertically upward with same speed. They will pass through their point of projection in the downward direction with the same speed. Reason The maximum height and downward velocity attained at the point of projection are independent of the mass of the ball.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Correct answer: Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

Solution

For vertical motion under gravity (neglecting air resistance), the ball’s kinetic energy converts to potential energy and back, so the speed at the original height is the same as the launch speed. Since mass cancels in the energy equation, both balls return with the same downward speed, making the assertion true and the reason the correct explanation.

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