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Atomic hydrogen is highly reactive and exists for only a very short duration.

1. Atomic hydrogen is highly reactive and exists for only a very short duration.
2. Alpha particles are the nuclei of helium atoms, consisting of two protons and two neutrons, and they are emitted by certain radioactive elements.
3. Alpha particle streams, known as alpha rays, cause significant ionization in gases they pass through and are quickly absorbed by materials.
4. The release of one alpha particle reduces the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4, while the emission of two beta particles increases the atomic number by 2. Therefore, the combined emission of one alpha and two beta particles results in a mass number decrease of 4.

Correct answer: The release of one alpha particle reduces the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4, while the emission of two beta particles increases the atomic number by 2. Therefore, the combined emission of one alpha and two beta particles results in a mass number decrease of 4.

Solution

Option D is correct because the emission of one alpha particle decreases the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4, while the emission of two beta particles increases the atomic number by 2 without affecting the mass number. Thus, the net effect is a decrease in the mass number by 4.

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