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According to liquid drop model of nucleus, an excited nucleus breaks into lighter nuclei just like an excited drop breaks into tiny drops.

1. 92U²³⁵ + 0n¹ → 38Sr⁹⁰ + 54Xe¹⁴³ + 3 0n¹ + energy
2. Binding energy = 117 × 8.5 + 117 × 8.5 − 236 × 7.6 = 234 × 8.5 − 236 × 7.6 = 1989 − 1793.6 = 200 MeV
3. Moderator used in nuclear reactor are graphite and heavy water.
4. Characteristics of moderator are (i) Its atomic weight must be low (ii) It should not absorb neutrons (iii) It should undergo elastic collisions with neutrons and reduce their velocity.

Correct answer: 92U²³⁵ + 0n¹ → 38Sr⁹⁰ + 54Xe¹⁴³ + 3 0n¹ + energy

Solution

Option A correctly represents the nuclear fission reaction of Uranium-235, where it splits into lighter nuclei (Strontium-90 and Xenon-143) along with the release of neutrons and energy, consistent with the liquid drop model analogy.

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