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A nucleus AZX has mass represented by M(A, Z). If Mp and Mn denote the mass of proton and neutron respectively and B.E. the binding energy in MeV, then

1. B.E. = [ZMp + (A − Z)Mn − M(A, Z)]c²
2. B.E. = [ZMp − Mn − M(A, Z)]c²
3. B.E. = M(A, Z) − ZMp − (A − Z)Mn
4. B.E. = [M(A, Z) − ZMp − (A − Z)Mn]c²

Correct answer: B.E. = [ZMp + (A − Z)Mn − M(A, Z)]c²

Solution

The binding energy (B.E.) is the energy equivalent of the mass defect, which is the difference between the total mass of the individual nucleons (protons and neutrons) and the actual mass of the nucleus. This is given by the formula B.E. = [ZMp + (A − Z)Mn − M(A, Z)]c².

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