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M_n and M_p represent mass of neutron and proton respectively. If an element having atomic mass M has N-neutron and Z-proton, then the correct relation will be

1. M < [N M_n + Z M_p]
2. M > [N M_n + Z M_p]
3. M = [N M_n + Z M_p]
4. M = N M_n + Z M_p

Correct answer: M < [N M_n + Z M_p]

Solution

The actual atomic mass (M) of an element is slightly less than the sum of the masses of its neutrons and protons due to the mass defect, which accounts for the binding energy of the nucleus.

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