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Because of lanthanoid contraction
- zrand Y have about the same radius
- zrand Nb have similar oxidation state
- zrand \( H f \) have about the same radius
- zrand zn have the same oxidation state
Correct answer: zrand \( H f \) have about the same radius
Solution
Lanthanoid contraction reduces the atomic/ionic radii of elements after the lanthanoids, especially the 5d series. As a result, zirconium and hafnium—though in different periods—have nearly the same radius.
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