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The Cannizzaro reaction involves an aldehyde lacking α-hydrogen atoms reacting with 50% KOH, leading to the formation of one molecule of alcohol and one molecule of carboxylic acid through disproportionation. Which of the following is correct?

1. An aldehyde reacts with 50% KOH to yield both alcohol and carboxylic acid.
2. This reaction only takes place with aldehydes that have α-hydrogen atoms.
3. The disproportionation process happens in the presence of 50% KOH.
4. None of these statements are accurate.

Correct answer: The disproportionation process happens in the presence of 50% KOH.

Solution

The Cannizzaro reaction is a disproportionation reaction that occurs specifically with aldehydes lacking α-hydrogen in the presence of concentrated alkali like 50% KOH.

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