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For an exothermic reaction, ΔH is negative, and the activation energy for the reverse reaction is greater than that for the forward reaction. For an endothermic reaction, ΔH is positive, and the activation energy for the reverse reaction is less than that for the forward reaction. What is the role of a catalyst in such reactions?

1. A catalyst influences only the forward reaction.
2. A catalyst influences only the reverse reaction.
3. A catalyst does not influence either the forward or reverse reactions.
4. A catalyst influences both forward and reverse reactions equally, so it does not change the reaction's equilibrium constant.

Correct answer: A catalyst influences both forward and reverse reactions equally, so it does not change the reaction's equilibrium constant.

Solution

A catalyst lowers the activation energy for both the forward and backward reactions equally, without altering the equilibrium constant, as it does not affect the thermodynamic properties of the reaction.

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