Semiconductors created by adding impurity atoms with one fewer electron than the host atoms of insulators are known as p-type semiconductors. For example, silicon with 14 electrons must be doped with boron, which has 13 electrons, to produce a p-type semiconductor.

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p-type semiconductors. When silicon (14 electrons) is doped with boron (13 electrons), a hole is created due to the deficiency of one electron, forming a p-type semiconductor. This is because the impurity introduces acceptor levels.

Semiconductors created by adding impurity atoms with one fewer electron than the host atoms of insulators are known as p-type semiconductors. For example, silicon with 14 electrons must be doped with boron, which has 13 electrons, to produce a p-type semiconductor.

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