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What is the decreasing order of basicity of primary, secondary and tertiary ethylamines and NH3?

1. NH3 > C2H5NH2 > (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N
2. (C2H5)3N > (C2H5)2NH > C2H5NH2 > NH3
3. (C2H5)2NH > C2H5NH2 > NH3 > (C2H5)3N
4. (C2H5)2NH > (C2H5)3N > C2H5NH2 > NH3

Correct answer: (C2H5)2NH > C2H5NH2 > NH3 > (C2H5)3N

Solution

The basicity of amines depends on the availability of the lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. Secondary amines ((C2H5)2NH) are the most basic due to optimal electron donation and steric effects, followed by primary amines (C2H5NH2), ammonia (NH3), and tertiary amines ((C2H5)3N), where steric hindrance reduces basicity.

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