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The ionization constant of phenol is higher than that of ethanol because:

1. Phenoxide ion is bulkier than ethoxide
2. Phenoxide ion is stronger base than ethoxide
3. Phenoxide ion is stabilized through delocalization
4. Phenoxide ion is less stable than ethoxide

Correct answer: Phenoxide ion is stabilized through delocalization

Solution

Phenoxide ion is stabilized by resonance, as the negative charge is delocalized over the aromatic ring, making phenol more acidic than ethanol, which lacks such stabilization.

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