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Among the following four compounds: (i) phenol (ii) methylphenol (iii) meta-nitrophenol (iv) para-nitrophenol The acidity order is:

1. ii > i > iii > iv
2. iv > iii > i > ii
3. iii > iv > i > ii
4. iv > i > iii > ii

Correct answer: iv > i > iii > ii

Solution

The acidity of phenols is influenced by the substituents on the benzene ring. Electron-withdrawing groups like nitro (-NO2) increase acidity, and their position matters. Para-nitrophenol (iv) is more acidic than meta-nitrophenol (iii) due to better resonance stabilization. Phenol (i) is less acidic than nitrophenols, and methylphenol (ii) is the least acidic due to the electron-donating methyl group.

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