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Mechanism of a hypothetical reaction X₂ + Y₂ → 2XY is given below: (i) X₂ → X + X (fast) (ii) X + Y₂ → XY + Y (slow) (iii) X + Y → XY (fast) The overall order of the reaction will be:

1. 2
2. 0
3. 1.5
4. 1

Correct answer: 2

Solution

The rate-determining step is the slowest step, which is step (ii). Its rate law is determined by the reactants involved: rate = k[X][Y₂]. Since X is formed in step (i) and is proportional to [X₂]^(1/2), substituting this into the rate law gives rate = k'[X₂]^(1/2)[Y₂]. The overall order is 1/2 + 1 = 2.

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