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Formation of a solution from two components can be considered as (i) Pure solvent → separated solvent molecules, ΔH1 (ii) Pure solute → separated solute molecules, ΔH2 (iii) Separated solvent + solute molecules → Solution, ΔH3 Solution so formed will be ideal if

1. ΔH_soln = ΔH3 – ΔH1 – ΔH2
2. ΔH_soln = ΔH1 + ΔH2 + ΔH3
3. ΔH_soln = ΔH1 + ΔH2 – ΔH3
4. ΔH_soln = ΔH1 – ΔH2 – ΔH3

Correct answer: ΔH_soln = ΔH1 + ΔH2 – ΔH3

Solution

For an ideal solution, the enthalpy of solution (ΔH_soln) is the sum of the energy required to separate solvent molecules (ΔH1) and solute molecules (ΔH2), minus the energy released when solvent and solute molecules interact (ΔH3).

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