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A solution is prepared by adding 2 g of substance \( A \) to 18 g of water. The mass percent of the solute is:

1. 10
2. 20
3. 40
4. 25

Correct answer: 10

Solution

Mass percent is based on the total mass of the solution, not just the solvent. Here, the solution mass is 2 g + 18 g = 20 g, so the solute makes up 2/20 of the mixture, which is 10%.

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