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Formula of nickel oxide with metal deficiency defect in its crystal is Ni0.98O. The crystal contains Ni2+ and Ni3+ ions. The fraction of nickel existing as Ni2+ ions in the crystal is

1. 0.31
2. 0.96
3. 0.04
4. 0.50

Correct answer: 0.96

Solution

In Ni0.98O, the total positive charge must balance the negative charge from oxygen ions. Oxygen contributes 1 mole of O2− ions, giving a charge of -2. Let x be the fraction of Ni2+ ions. Then, 2x + 3(0.98 - x) = 2. Solving gives x = 0.96, meaning 96% of nickel exists as Ni2+.

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