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Which one of the following order is correct regarding the −I effect of the substituents?

1. (a) −NR₂<−OR<−F
2. (b) −NR₂>−OR>−F
3. (c) −NR₂<−OR<−F
4. (d) −NR₂>−OR<−F

Correct answer: (a) −NR₂<−OR<−F

Solution

The correct order of the −I (inductive) effect is based on the electronegativity of the atoms or groups. Fluorine (−F) is the most electronegative, followed by −OR, and then −NR₂, making option (a) correct.

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