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The most suitable method of separation of 1 : 1 mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols is:

1. Chromatography
2. Crystallisation
3. Steam distillation
4. Sublimation

Correct answer: Steam distillation

Solution

Ortho-nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, while para-nitrophenol is not because of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Thus, steam distillation effectively separates them.

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