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pH = pKa + log [Salt] / [Acid] For acetoacetic acid: 3.58 = 3.58 + log [Salt] / [Acid] ⇒ log [Salt] / [Acid] = 0 ⇒ [Salt] / [Acid] = 1

1. pH = pKa + log [Salt] / [Acid]
2. log [Salt] / [Acid] = 0
3. [Salt] / [Acid] = 1
4. This is the required condition for maximum buffer capacity.

Correct answer: This is the required condition for maximum buffer capacity.

Solution

The given derivation shows that when [Salt]/[Acid] = 1, the buffer solution has its maximum buffer capacity, as pH equals pKa under this condition.

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