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Equal volumes of three acid solutions of pH 3, 4, and 5 are mixed in a vessel. What will be the H⁺ ion concentration in the mixture?

1. 1.11 × 10⁻⁴ M
2. 3.7 × 10⁻⁴ M
3. 3.7 × 10⁻³ M
4. 1.11 × 10⁻³ M

Correct answer: 3.7 × 10⁻⁴ M

Solution

The H⁺ ion concentration for each solution is calculated as 10⁻³, 10⁻⁴, and 10⁻⁵ M, respectively. Since equal volumes are mixed, the average concentration is (10⁻³ + 10⁻⁴ + 10⁻⁵)/3 = 3.7 × 10⁻⁴ M.

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