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Which one of the following conditions will favour maximum formation of the product in the reaction A₂(g) + B₂(g) ⇌ X₂(g), ΔHf = −X kJ?

1. Low temperature and low pressure
2. High temperature and low pressure
3. Low temperature and high pressure
4. High temperature and high pressure

Correct answer: Low temperature and high pressure

Solution

The reaction is exothermic (ΔHf = −X kJ), so lower temperature will favor product formation. Additionally, since the reaction involves a decrease in the number of moles of gas (2 moles of reactants form 1 mole of product), high pressure will also favor the forward reaction.

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