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Electrophiles have high affinity for electrons. They attack at the site where electron-density is highest. Electron donating groups increases the electron density. The electron donating tendency decreases in the order:

1. -OH > -CH3 > -H > -Cl
2. -CH3 > -OH > -Cl > -H
3. -Cl > -H > -CH3 > -OH
4. -H > -Cl > -OH > -CH3

Correct answer: -OH > -CH3 > -H > -Cl

Solution

Electron-donating groups increase electron density through inductive or resonance effects. The -OH group donates electrons via resonance, followed by -CH3 through inductive effects, while -H and -Cl are less effective. Hence, the correct order is -OH > -CH3 > -H > -Cl.

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