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Which of the following enhances or induces fusion of protoplasts?

1. Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate
2. IAA and kinetin
3. IAA and gibberellins
4. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride

Correct answer: Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate

Solution

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a standard fusogen used to induce protoplast fusion by promoting close membrane contact. Sodium nitrate can also aid fusion conditions, whereas the other options are plant growth regulators or simple salts not used for this purpose.

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