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Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

1. The presence of non-respiratory air sacs increases the efficiency of respiration in birds.
2. In insects, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues.
3. The principle of countercurrent flow facilitates efficient respiration in gills of fishes.
4. The residual area in lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals.

Correct answer: In insects, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues.

Solution

The incorrect statement is the one about insects because their oxygen is delivered mainly through a tracheal system directly to tissues, not by circulating body fluids. The other statements describe real adaptations that improve gas exchange in birds, fish, and mammals.

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