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The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and/or characteristics.

1. B-pleural membrane-surrounds ribs on both sides to provides cushion against rubbing.
2. C-Alveoli-thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases.
3. D-Lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration
4. A-trachea-long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting inspired air.

Correct answer: C-Alveoli-thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases.

Solution

Alveoli are the main sites of gas exchange in the lungs. Their thin walls and dense capillary network make diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide efficient, so the option identifying C as alveoli is correct.

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