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Which one of the following is a possibility for most of us in regard to breathing, by making a conscious effort?

1. One can breathe out air totally without oxygen.
2. One can breathe out air through eustachian tubes by closing both the nose and the mouth.
3. One can consciously breathe in and breathe out by moving the diaphragm alone, without moving the ribs at all.
4. The lungs can be made fully empty by forcefully breathing out all air from them.

Correct answer: One can consciously breathe in and breathe out by moving the diaphragm alone, without moving the ribs at all.

Solution

The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle, so most people can consciously control it to some extent and breathe with minimal rib movement. The other choices are impossible or incorrect because exhaled air still contains oxygen, the eustachian tubes do not serve as an air outlet, and the lungs cannot be completely emptied.

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