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When a molecule of pyruvic acid is subjected to anaerobic oxidation and forms lactic acid, there is

1. Loss of 3 ATP molecules
2. Loss of 6 ATP molecules
3. Gain of 2 ATP molecules
4. Gain of 4 ATP molecules

Correct answer: Gain of 2 ATP molecules

Solution

Pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid during anaerobic conditions to regenerate NAD+, but this step does not directly produce ATP. The net gain of 2 ATP comes from glycolysis, which yields 4 ATP but uses 2 ATP earlier in the pathway.

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