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In humans, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the plasma

1. Causes increased production of hydrochloric acid
2. Regulates gastric acid production by forming carbonic acid
3. Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla
4. Causes inflammation of the tissues of the bronchial tubes

Correct answer: Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla

Solution

Carbon dioxide in plasma is a major driver of respiration because it alters blood pH and is detected by chemoreceptors that influence the medulla. The medulla then adjusts breathing rate and depth to restore CO2 and pH balance.

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