NEET Biology: Botany questions with solutions

Q1. ICBN was adopted in

1. 1951
2. 1971
3. 196
4. 1981

Answer: 1951

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) was adopted in 1951, marking the formal acceptance of standardized rules for naming plants. This date is the one associated with the code’s adoption, not later revisions or related meetings.

Q2. Which of the following fruit developed from bicarpellary syncarpous ovary with false septum?

1. siliqua
2. Achene
3. capsule
4. All of the above

Answer: siliqua

Siliqua develops from a bicarpellary syncarpous ovary with a false septum (replum), which divides the ovary into two locules. Achene and capsule do not specifically have this characteristic ovary structure.

Q3. In Ginkgoales, the male gametes are

1. Motile
2. Non-motile
3. Amoeboid
4. Absent

Answer: Motile

In Ginkgoales, the male gametes are motile and flagellated, which is unusual among seed plants. This swimming ability helps them reach the egg for fertilization.

Q4. Annual rings and growth rings are formed due to the fluctuations in the activity of

1. Xylem
2. Phloem
3. xylem and phloem
4. Cambium

Answer: Cambium

Annual rings form because cambium activity varies with seasons: it produces larger, thinner-walled cells during favorable conditions and smaller, thicker-walled cells during less favorable conditions. This alternating growth creates visible rings in the stem.

Q5. In Spirogyra, asexual reproduction takes place by

1. Breaking up of filaments into smaller bits.
2. Division of a cell into two cells.
3. Division of a cell into many cells.
4. Formation of young cells from older cells.

Answer: Breaking up of filaments into smaller bits.

Spirogyra commonly reproduces asexually by fragmentation, where the filament breaks into smaller pieces. Each fragment can grow into a new individual under suitable conditions.

Q6. Lycopersicon esculentum belongs to the family

1. Solanaceae
2. Malvaceae
3. cruciferae
4. Cucurbitaceae

Answer: Solanaceae

Lycopersicon esculentum is the scientific name for tomato, and tomato is classified in the nightshade family. That family is Solanaceae.

Q7. Stack of thylakoids is known as:

1. Granum
2. Grana
3. Intergranum membrane
4. cristae

Answer: Grana

Thylakoids are membrane sacs in chloroplasts that stack together. One stack is called a granum, and multiple stacks are called grana, which matches the correct answer.

Q8. The cell wall is impermeable to water and deposition of suberin is also found in

1. Leaf
2. cork
3. Bark
4. xylem

Answer: cork

Cork cells have suberin in their walls, making them impermeable to water and gases. This helps protect the plant and reduce water loss.