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Annual rings and growth rings are formed due to the fluctuations in the activity of

1. Xylem
2. Phloem
3. xylem and phloem
4. Cambium

Correct answer: Cambium

Solution

Annual rings form because cambium activity varies with seasons: it produces larger, thinner-walled cells during favorable conditions and smaller, thicker-walled cells during less favorable conditions. This alternating growth creates visible rings in the stem.

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