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Match List-I with List-II List-I (a) Phase difference between current and voltage in a purely resistive AC circuit (b) Phase difference between current and voltage in a pure inductive AC circuit (c) Phase difference between current and voltage in a pure capacitive AC circuit (d) Phase difference between current and voltage in an LCR series circuit List-II (i) π/2 ; current leads voltage (ii) zero (iii) π/2 ; current lags voltage (iv) tan⁻¹((X_C − X_L)/R) Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. (a)-(i),(b)-(iii),(c)-(iv),(d)-(ii)
2. (a)-(ii),(b)-(iv),(c)-(iii),(d)-(i)
3. (a)-(ii),(b)-(iii),(c)-(iv),(d)-(i)
4. (a)-(ii),(b)-(iii),(c)-(i),(d)-(iv)

Correct answer: (a)-(i),(b)-(iii),(c)-(iv),(d)-(ii)

Solution

The correct option accurately reflects the phase relationships in AC circuits: in a purely resistive circuit, current and voltage are in phase (zero phase difference); in a pure inductive circuit, current lags voltage by π/2; in a pure capacitive circuit, current leads voltage by π/2; and in an LCR series circuit, the phase difference is determined by the impedance, represented as tan⁻¹((X_C − X_L)/R).

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