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What will be the average value of energy for a monoatomic gas in thermal equilibrium at temperature T ?
- 2/3 k_B T
- k_B T
- 3/2 k_B T
- 1/2 k_B T
Correct answer: 3/2 k_B T
Solution
The average energy of a monoatomic gas in thermal equilibrium is derived from the equipartition theorem, which states that each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 k_B T to the energy. A monoatomic gas has three translational degrees of freedom, leading to a total average energy of 3/2 k_B T.
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