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What will be the average value of energy along one degree of freedom for an ideal gas in thermal equilibrium at a temperature T? (kB is Boltzmann constant)
- 1/2 kB T
- 2/3 kB T
- 3/2 kB T
- kB T
Correct answer: 1/2 kB T
Solution
In an ideal gas, each degree of freedom contributes an average energy of 1/2 kB T due to the equipartition theorem, which states that energy is equally distributed among all degrees of freedom.
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