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In a single-slit diffraction setup, if the intensity of the central principal maximum is I₀ for a slit of a given width, what will be the intensity of that principal maximum when the slit width is made twice as large?

1. 4 I₀
2. 2 I₀
3. I₀ / 2
4. I₀

Correct answer: 4 I₀

Solution

When the slit width is doubled, the diffraction pattern becomes narrower, and the intensity of the central maximum increases. Specifically, the intensity is proportional to the square of the slit width, leading to an intensity of 4 I₀ when the width is doubled.

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