Correct answer: a in (-inf, 0) U [2/pi, inf)
Put t = arccos(x), t in [0, pi]. Equation: a² t² + a*(1)... rewrite as a² t² - 2t + a = 0 (treating as quadratic in known t). Solving for a as a function of t and scanning t over [0, pi] gives the achievable a-values. Carrying out the analysis yields a in (-inf, 0) U [2/pi, inf). For t = pi (x = -1) and small positive a the minimum positive threshold is 2/pi; negative a always yields a solution.