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Which of the following carbocations is the most stable?

1. Ph3C+ (triphenylmethyl cation)
2. (CH3)3C+ (tert-butyl cation)
3. (CH3)2CH+ (isopropyl cation)
4. CH2=CH-CH2+ (allyl cation)

Correct answer: Ph3C+ (triphenylmethyl cation)

Solution

The triphenylmethyl (trityl) cation is stabilized by resonance into three aromatic rings, far more than hyperconjugation in tert-butyl or single-allylic delocalization, making it the most stable.

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