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The intense purple colour of a permanganate (MnO4⁻) solution is attributed to:

1. d-d transition
2. charge transfer from O to Mn
3. both d-d transition and charge transfer
4. none of these

Correct answer: charge transfer from O to Mn

Solution

Since Mn(VII) is d0, there are no d-electrons for d-d transitions; the colour arises from ligand-to-metal charge transfer (O to Mn).

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