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The major product of the following reaction is : CH3CH2CH=O excess HCHO / alkali / reflux ?

1. CH3CH2CH2OH
2. CH3–CH(–CH2OH)–CH=O
3. CH3–C(–CH2OH)(–CH2OH)–CH2OH
4. CH3–C(=CH2)–CH=O

Correct answer: CH3–C(–CH2OH)(–CH2OH)–CH2OH

Solution

The reaction involves the aldol condensation of the aldehyde with formaldehyde in the presence of alkali, leading to the formation of a compound with multiple hydroxyl groups, specifically a diol. The correct option reflects the addition of two hydroxymethyl groups to the carbon chain, resulting in a stable product with the desired structure.

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