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The mechanism of S_N1 reaction is given as : R – X → R⁺X⁻ (Ion pair) → R⁺||X⁻ (Solvent separated ion pair) → R – Y + X⁻ A student writes general characteristics based on the given mechanism as- (a) The reaction is favoured by weak nucleophiles (b) R⁺ would be easily formed if the substituents are bulky (c) The reaction is accompanied by racemization (d) The reaction is favoured by non-polar solvents Which observations are correct ?

1. (a) and (d)
2. (a) and (c)
3. (a) and (b)
4. (a), (b) and (c)

Correct answer: (a) and (c)

Solution

Option (a) is correct because S_N1 reactions proceed through a carbocation intermediate, which is stabilized by weak nucleophiles that do not compete strongly with the ion pair. Option (c) is also correct as the formation of a planar carbocation allows for attack from either side, leading to racemization in products.

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