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If Z is a compressibility factor, Vander Waals equation at low pressure can be written as:

1. Z = 1 − a / VRT
2. Z = 1 − Pb / RT
3. Z = 1 + Pb / RT
4. Z = 1 + RT / Pb

Correct answer: Z = 1 − a / VRT

Solution

The correct option reflects how the compressibility factor Z deviates from ideal gas behavior due to intermolecular forces, specifically accounting for the attractive forces represented by the parameter 'a' in the Van der Waals equation, which becomes significant at low pressures.

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