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Which of the following represents the correct order of increasing first ionization enthalpy for Ca, Ba, S, Se and Ar ?

1. Ba < Ca < Se < S < Ar
2. Ca < Ba < S < Se < Ar
3. Ca < S < Ba < Se < Ar
4. S < Se < Ca < Ba < Ar

Correct answer: Ba < Ca < Se < S < Ar

Solution

The first ionization enthalpy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group. Barium (Ba) is in Group 2 and has the lowest ionization energy due to its larger atomic size, followed by calcium (Ca), while sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) are in Group 16 and have higher ionization energies, with argon (Ar) having the highest due to its stable noble gas configuration.

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