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In Fe(CO)5, the bond between iron and carbon has which type of bonding character?

1. predominantly ionic nature
2. only sigma bonding
3. only pi bonding
4. both sigma and pi bonding

Correct answer: both sigma and pi bonding

Solution

In Fe(CO)5, the bonding between iron and carbon involves both sigma and pi interactions. The sigma bond is formed by the overlap of the iron's d-orbitals with the carbon's sp-hybridized orbitals, while the pi bonds arise from the donation of electron density from the filled p-orbitals of carbon to the empty d-orbitals of iron, allowing for a stable complex.

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