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A metal, M forms chlorides in its +2 and +4 oxidation states. Which of the following statements about these chlorides is correct?

1. MCl2 is more ionic than MCl4
2. MCl2 is more easily hydrolysed than MCl4
3. MCl2 is more volatile than MCl4
4. MCl2 is more soluble in anhydrous ethanol than MCl4

Correct answer: MCl2 is more ionic than MCl4

Solution

A lower oxidation state gives a more ionic (more electropositive) bond, so MCl2 is more ionic than the more covalent MCl4. Hence 'MCl2 is more ionic than MCl4' is the correct statement; MCl4, being covalent, is the more volatile, more easily hydrolysed and more soluble in organic solvents.

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