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Which of the following gives the descending order of ionic radii for the species listed?

1. Al3+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > F− > O2−
2. Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+ > O2− > F−
3. Na+ > F− > Mg2+ > O2− > Al3+
4. O2− > F− > Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+

Correct answer: O2− > F− > Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+

Solution

The correct option is based on the principle that anions are generally larger than cations due to the addition of electrons, which increases electron-electron repulsion. Among the listed species, O2− is the largest anion, followed by F−, while Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ are cations with decreasing ionic radii as their positive charge increases.

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