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Among the following lanthanides, which element shows the greatest stability in the +2 oxidation state?

1. Ce
2. Eu
3. Tb
4. Dy

Correct answer: Eu

Solution

Europium (Eu) is known for its stable +2 oxidation state due to its electron configuration, which allows it to easily lose two electrons and achieve a stable half-filled f-orbital. This stability is less pronounced in the other lanthanides listed.

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