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Using molecular orbital theory, which sequence arranges the nitrogen species in order of increasing bond order?

1. N₂⁺ < N₂ < N₂⁻
2. N₂ < N₂⁺ < N₂⁻
3. N₂⁻ < N₂ < N₂⁺
4. N₂ < N₂⁻ < N₂⁺

Correct answer: N₂ < N₂⁺ < N₂⁻

Solution

For N₂, the bond order is 3. Removing one electron to form N₂⁺ lowers the bond order to 2.5, while adding one electron to form N₂⁻ raises it to 3.5. Therefore, the increasing order of bond order is N₂ < N₂⁺ < N₂⁻.

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