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Which of the following sequences gives the correct increasing order from the least negative to the most negative electron gain enthalpy for C, Ca, Al, F and O?

1. Ca < Al < C < O < F
2. Al < Ca < O < C < F
3. Al < O < C < Ca < F
4. C < F < O < Al < Ca

Correct answer: Ca < Al < C < O < F

Solution

The correct order reflects the trend in electron gain enthalpy, where elements like Ca have a low tendency to gain electrons due to their larger atomic size and lower effective nuclear charge, while F has a high electron gain enthalpy due to its high electronegativity and small size, making it more favorable to gain an electron.

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