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The Tyndall effect is observed when which of the following conditions are met? (A) The diameter of the dispersed phase particles is comparable to the wavelength of the light used. (B) The diameter of the dispersed phase particles is much smaller than the wavelength of light used. (C) The refractive indices of the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are the same. (D) The refractive indices of the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium differ greatly in magnitude.

1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)

Correct answer: (A)

Solution

Tyndall effect (scattering of light) occurs when: (1) the size of dispersed phase particles is comparable to the wavelength of light (colloidal particles, 1-1000 nm range), and (2) there is a significant difference in refractive indices between dispersed phase and medium. Condition A is correct. Condition D is also a requirement, but among the options, A is the primary condition asked for scattering to occur.

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