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According to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, which of the following relationships between the extent of adsorption (x/m) and pressure (p) is correct?

1. x/m is proportional to p⁰ (independent of pressure)
2. x/m is proportional to p¹ (directly proportional to pressure)
3. x/m is proportional to p^(1/n) where n > 1
4. All of the above are correct for different ranges of pressure

Correct answer: All of the above are correct for different ranges of pressure

Solution

The Freundlich adsorption isotherm is x/m = k * p^(1/n). At very high pressures n->infinity and 1/n->0, so x/m = k*p⁰ = constant. At very low pressures 1/n->1, giving x/m proportional to p. In intermediate ranges, x/m proportional to p^(1/n). Hence all three cases apply at different pressure ranges.

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