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Statements: The prices of petrol and diesel in the domestic market have remained unchanged for the past few months. The crude oil prices in the international market have gone up substantially in the last few months.

1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
2. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
3. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
4. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

Correct answer: Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

Solution

The rise in international crude oil prices does not directly explain why domestic petrol and diesel prices remained unchanged. Each statement can be explained by separate factors, so they are effects of independent causes.

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